壓裂造成的噪音污染可能會危害人體健康

鼎恒石油報道 根據(jù)首次同行評議研究來分析與壓裂相關的環(huán)境噪聲的潛在公共健康影響，結果顯示：壓裂產生的噪音水平足夠高會傷害附近居民的健康。

環(huán)境噪聲是公認的公共健康危害。許多大型的流行病學研究都將噪音與不良健康狀況(包括糖尿病，抑郁癥，出生并發(fā)癥和兒童認知障礙)聯(lián)系起來。像其他健康威脅一樣，噪音暴露可能會對兒童，老人和慢性病患者造成不利影響。高分貝的聲音不是唯一的罪魁禍首;低水平的持續(xù)性噪音也可能會擾亂睡眠和思維，并引起壓力。

Lawrence Berkeley國家實驗室附屬機構--環(huán)境科學，政策與管理部門的訪問學者和PSE健康能源執(zhí)行董事Seth Shonkoff表示：“石油和天然氣作業(yè)產生了一種復雜的噪音交響樂，包括間歇和連續(xù)的聲音以及不同的強度。”例如，壓縮機站會產生低隆隆聲;一個水平鉆井是一個喧吵的過程，可能持續(xù)每天24小時，需要四到五個星期完成;在高壓下使用大量的水導致抽水和流體處理的噪聲。

該研究已于12月發(fā)表在《整體環(huán)境科學》雜志上。

為了了解壓裂噪聲是否會影響周邊社區(qū)居民的健康，研究人員收集了所有可用的石油和天然氣作業(yè)噪聲水平數(shù)據(jù)和測量結果，并將信息與世界衛(wèi)生組織和其他組織制定的健康標準進行了比較。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，壓裂過程中的噪音可能會導致三種類型的不良健康結果，包括焦慮，睡眠障礙，以及心血管疾病或其他受壓力影響的負面病癥。

注：該文章由鼎恒石油編譯，轉發(fā)須注明出處。

附英文原文：

Noise pollution from fracking may harm human health

Fracking creates noise at levels high enough to harm the health of people living nearby, according to the first peer-reviewed study to analyze the potential public health impacts of ambient noise related to fracking.

Environmental noise is a well-documented public health hazard. Many large-scale epidemiological studies have linked noise to adverse health outcomes including diabetes, depression, birth complications and cognitive impairment in children. Noise exposure, like other health threats, may disproportionately impact vulnerable populations such as children, the elderly and people with chronic illnesses. High-decibel sounds are not the only culprits; low-level sustained noises can disturb sleep and concentration and cause stress.

"Oil and gas operations produce a complex symphony of noise types, including intermittent and continuous sounds and varying intensities," said study author Seth Shonkoff, a visiting scholar in the Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, an affiliate at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and executive director of PSE Healthy Energy. For example, compressor stations produce a low rumble; drilling a horizontal well is a loud process that can take four to five weeks 24 hours per day to complete; and using large volumes of water at high pressure results in pump- and fluid-handling noise.

The study was published in December in the journal Science of the Total Environment.

To understand whether noise from fracking might impact the health of surrounding communities, researchers gathered all available data and measurements of noise levels at oil and gas operations and compared the information to established health-based standards from the World Health Organization and other groups. They found that noise from fracking operations may contribute to adverse health outcomes in three categories, including anxiety, sleep disturbance and cardiovascular disease or other conditions that are negatively impacted by stress.